The nakhsheb plaque with masks

The nakhsheb plaque with masks

№ 30 2020

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33 Язык: английский

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Аннотация

This article examines a terracotta plaque recently discovered at the Shullyuktepa ancient settlement (medieval Nesef), where human occupation shifted from Yerkurgan – a large urban center in ancient times during in the 5th and 6th centuries. The plaque, shaped as a thin trapezoid, yet almost square, is made of a yellowish-brown clay. The tile has been fractured into two pieces. Its height is 5.5 cm, the width along the upper edge is 5.5 cm and 4.2 cm along the lower edge. It varies from 2 to 2.5 mm thick. The tile is made by a stamped impression in the shape of a kalyb with its edges and part of the reverse side having been inscribed with a knife. The obverse is decorated with a composition of nine Greco-Roman theatrical masks arranged in three staggered lines. All of them are made utilizing bas-relief. Eight of the masks are comic and one tragic. Most likely, the plaque served as a talisman which had apotropaic and chthonic meaning and was associated with the cult of Dionysus and Demeter. The plaque from Nakhsheb is an important historical artifact. On the one hand, it testifies to the cultural contacts of ancient Sogd, and on the other, it indicates the diffusion of this type of art already by this point in Early Antiquity. This is one of the earliest depictions of theatrical masks found in Uzbekistan.

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