Шифокор ва бемор мулокотида тиббий эвфемизмлардан фойдаланиш йўллари
Аннотация
В статье раскрываются понятия речь врача и эвфемизм, а также классификация медицинских эвфемизмов, используемых в коммуникации врача и пациента. Исследование является первым широкоформатным экспериментом. Как известно, влияние слова играет важную роль в общении. В частности, представители медицинского сообщества должны обладать высокой культурой речи. Это необходимо для общих профессиональных навыков врача. Речь доктора способствует успешному лечению пациента, поэтому интерес к лингвистической стороне медицинской деятельности всегда имеет значение. Эта проблема, в частности, материал исследования, основанный на газетных медицинских статьях, подразделяется на следующие группы: 1) в зависимости от типа табу в медицине; 2) в зависимости от использования: а) письменная и б) устная форма; 3) в зависимости от чувствительности, красочности и эмоционального уровня; 4) способ использования значения и типа эвфемы; 5) роли формирования эвфемического слоя языка; 6) средства коммуникации; 7) дифференциация эвфемизмов по возврасту, связанных со смертью. Особо выделяется исследование паралингвистики как науки, имея в виду многогранность речи и невозможность отразить её в языке. Вербальная речь выражает эвфемическое значение в речи врачей лексико-семантическими средствами, тогда как невербальная речь, наряду с жестикуляцией, мимикой, манерами и речевой ситуацией, а также просодическими и экстралингвистическими средствами. Но эти два средства речи не отделены друг от друга. Невербальные средства являются вспомогательными факторами в речевом потоке слов, действующими в контексте языка и реализующими реальность. В то же время исследование эвфемических выражений в профессиональной сфере и составление эвфемических словарей является актуальной проблемой. В частности, изучение эвфемических выражений в речи врача послужит теоретическим и практическим материалом в составлении словарей.
The article has covered the concepts of a physician’s speech and euphemism, and the medical euphemisms in the physician and a patient communication studied in groups. The article is considered to be one of the first experiences in extensive researches. As it is obvious, the impact of the word plays an important role in communication. In particular, representatives of the medical community should have high culture of speech. This is necessary for general professional skills of a doctor. The doctor’s speech contributes to the patient’s successful treatment, so the interest in the linguistic side of medical activities is always relevant. The article focuses on the following topics in the light of medical publications: 1) according to the taboo type being euphemism in medicine; (2) in accordance with the application: a) a linguistic and b) spoken form; 3) sensitivity, colorfulness, emotional level; 4) the way of expressing the meaning and the type of morphology; 5) according to the role of the language in the formation of the euphemism layer; 6) according to communication means; 7) depending on differentiation of age-concerning euphemisms related to death, the topic was clarified. The complexity of the human speech is so important that it can be used as a science to study paralinguistics as a means of studying the speech aids for the full expression of the language, because of the lack of opportunity to express it in writing, and the lack of linguistic analysis. In the speech of doctors, verbal speech is used to describe euphemic meaning by means of lexical-semantics speeches and vocabulary, with the use of extra-linguistic or paralinguistic means such as speech, mimics, interlocutor movement, manuscri pts, speech status, and tone associated with these processes – prosodic. However, these two means of speech are not separated from each other. The nonverbal means is a supportive factor in the verbal speech flow, acting in the context of the language, and realizing the reality. At the same time, all branches of professional speech are concerned with the study of euphemistic means, scientifically-theoretical and practical development of euphemology, the study of euphemistic expressions used in a particular profession, and their compilation of dictionaries. In particular, the study of medicine (physician) speech and its euphemisms encourages the creation of medical dictionaries in the medical language of the Uzbek language. These euphemisms serve to reduce or eliminate the negative effects of realism or thoughts which cannot be clearly explained in the doctor’s language, and fill the evolutionary layer of the tongue and enrich it.
The article has covered the concepts of a physician’s speech and euphemism, and the medical euphemisms in the physician and a patient communication studied in groups. The article is considered to be one of the first experiences in extensive researches. As it is obvious, the impact of the word plays an important role in communication. In particular, representatives of the medical community should have high culture of speech. This is necessary for general professional skills of a doctor. The doctor’s speech contributes to the patient’s successful treatment, so the interest in the linguistic side of medical activities is always relevant. The article focuses on the following topics in the light of medical publications: 1) according to the taboo type being euphemism in medicine; (2) in accordance with the application: a) a linguistic and b) spoken form; 3) sensitivity, colorfulness, emotional level; 4) the way of expressing the meaning and the type of morphology; 5) according to the role of the language in the formation of the euphemism layer; 6) according to communication means; 7) depending on differentiation of age-concerning euphemisms related to death, the topic was clarified. The complexity of the human speech is so important that it can be used as a science to study paralinguistics as a means of studying the speech aids for the full expression of the language, because of the lack of opportunity to express it in writing, and the lack of linguistic analysis. In the speech of doctors, verbal speech is used to describe euphemic meaning by means of lexical-semantics speeches and vocabulary, with the use of extra-linguistic or paralinguistic means such as speech, mimics, interlocutor movement, manuscri pts, speech status, and tone associated with these processes – prosodic. However, these two means of speech are not separated from each other. The nonverbal means is a supportive factor in the verbal speech flow, acting in the context of the language, and realizing the reality. At the same time, all branches of professional speech are concerned with the study of euphemistic means, scientifically-theoretical and practical development of euphemology, the study of euphemistic expressions used in a particular profession, and their compilation of dictionaries. In particular, the study of medicine (physician) speech and its euphemisms encourages the creation of medical dictionaries in the medical language of the Uzbek language. These euphemisms serve to reduce or eliminate the negative effects of realism or thoughts which cannot be clearly explained in the doctor’s language, and fill the evolutionary layer of the tongue and enrich it.