Роль и место внеклеточного днк в диагностике и прогнозировании колоректального рака

  • № 4 2021

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Язык: русский

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Аннотация

Колоректальный рак в последние годы считается одним из актуальных проблем медицины. Учитывая развитие медицинской технологии диагностирование КРР ежегодно достигает более 1,8 миллиона, что возносит КРР на третье место по диагностированию среди всех онкологических патологий, а летальность достигает до 881000 случаев и по данному показателю занимает второе место. Высокая смертность связана с наличием отдаленных или скрытых метастазов. В последние годы в диагностике КРР большую роль играет выявление внеклеточной онкологической ДНК. вкоДНК позволяет выявить наличие остаточного рака с большей точностью, относительно существующих лабораторно-инструментальных методов диагностики, что дает возможность выбора необходимости химиотерапии в послеоперационном периоде.

Сўнгги йилларда колоректал саратон тиббиётнинг долзарб муаммоларидан бири ҳисобланади. Тиббий технологияларнинг ривожланишини ҳисобга олган ҳолда, КРС диагностикаси ҳар йили 1,8 миллиондан ошади, бу эса КРСни энг кўп ташхис қўйилган барча онкологик патологиялар орасида учинчи ўринни эгаллайди ва ўлим даражаси 881 минг ҳолатга етиб, ушбу кўрсаткич бўйича иккинчи ўринни эгаллайди. Юқори ўлим узоқ ёки яширин метастазларнинг мавжудлиги билан боғлиқ.Сўнгги йилларда колоректал саратон касаллигини аниқлашда ҳужайрадан ташқари онкологик ДНКни аниқлаш муҳим рол ўйнади. Хужайрадан ташқари ДНКни лаборатория ва инструментал диагностика усуллари билан таққослаганда қолдиқ саратон мавжудлигини аниқроқ аниқлашга имкон беради, бу эса операциядан кейинги даврда кимётерапия заруратини белгилашга имкон беради.

Colorectal cancer in recent years has been considered one of the urgent problems of medicine. Considering the development of medical technology, the diagnosis of CRC reaches more than 1.8 million annually, which makes CRC the third most diagnosed among all oncological pathologies, and the mortality rate reaches 881,000 cases and takes second place in this indicator. High mortality is associated with the presence of distant or latent metastases. In recent years, detection of extracellular oncological DNA has played an important role in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. vcDNA makes it possible to detect the presence of residual cancer with greater accuracy compared to existing laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods, which makes it possible to choose the need for chemotherapy in the postoperative period.

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